Xen - How I/O-Ring Works (between Domain-0 and Domain-U)

Xen에서 FrontEnd 드라이버와 BackEnd 드라이버 사이에 I/O 작업이 어떻게 이루어지는지 살펴 본다.


사전 정보

  • Native-Device-Driver(Physical-Driver)는 Domain-0에 있다.
  • 아래 그림과 같은 I/O Ring은 Xen-Hypervisor레벨에 하나가 존재 한다. 이 Ring이 모든 I/O에 대한 중계 역할.

Xen's I/O Ring 구성도

I/O 요청 Flow

  1. Domain-U의 App이 I/O 요청을 발생시키면 FrontEnd-Driver가 이를 받아, Xen-Hypervisor에 있는 I/O Ring에 요청 이벤트로 등록.
  2. 이벤트 등록이 완료되면, I/O를 발생시킨 vCPU는 블록상태로 전이 및 응답 대기. (I/O 부하 상태)
  3. Domain-0의 BackEnd-Driver는 Xen-Hypervisor의 I/O Ring에 등록된 I/O요청 이벤트를 읽어, Native-Device-Driver를 통해 실제 물리적 Device로부터 I/O를 수행.

I/O 응답 Flow

  1. Domain-0는 물리적 Device로부터 I/O를 수행한 결과를, 다시 Xen-Hypervisor의 I/O Ring에 응답 이벤트로 등록.
  2. 이벤트 등록이 완료되면, Xen-Hypervisor은 블록상태로 대기중이던 vCPU를 최고 우선순위로 다시 활성화 시킨다.
  3. 블록상태에서 벗어난 vCPU는 FrontEnd-Driver을 통해, I/O 응답 결과를 받아 이후 작업을 처리.

I/O Ring의 권한 중재자 Grant-Table

  • Domain-0, Domain-U, Xen-Hypervisor 모두가 공유하는데, 이 때 제어 권한 처리는 Grant-Table에서 관리 된다.

Posted by 사랑줍는거지
,


Virtualization - Full vs Para (Appendix Pass-Through)(20120.pdf










Posted by 사랑줍는거지
,

[PDF] - MIgration Xen to KVM

Cloud 2012. 5. 12. 22:19

Xen에서 KVM으로 VM 마이그레이션 처리에 관한 문서... 


Migration_Xen_to_KVM (Summit_2010_Xen_KVM).pdf


Posted by 사랑줍는거지
,

Install OpenNebula-2.2-1 with Xen

Reference
http://opennebula.org
http://downloads.dsa-research.org/opennebula

Environments

Tested environments info

Test System / Network

- On VMware ESXi
- One vSwitch
- Two VMs
- VM IP Range : 192.168.100.151~160 (10EA)
- By root privileges
- Run "yum -y update" on all nodes
- Template VM Image : CentOS 5.6 x86_64

Test Nodes

- Management Node 
    - IP : 192.168.100.121 (one-01)
    - OS : CentOS 5.6 x86_64 (2.6.18-238.9.1.el5)
    - 1Core / 384RAM
- Xen Node IP : 192.168.100.122
    - IP : 192.168.100.122 (one-02)
    - OS : CentOS 5.6 x86_64 (2.6.18-238.19.1.el5xen)
    - 2Core / 1024RAM

On whole nodes

Add to /etc/hosts

192.168.100.121 one-01
192.168.100.122 one-02

On Management Node

Install OpenNebula & Setup Env.

# cd /usr/local/src

Download opennebula-2.2-1.x86_64.rpm to /usr/local/src/ (from http://downloads.dsa-research.org/opennebula)

# wget  ftp://ftp.pbone.net/mirror/centos.karan.org/el5/extras/testing/SRPMS/xmlrpc-c-1.06.18-1.el5.kb.src.rpm

# ls -al /usr/local/src/
-rw-r--r--  1 root root     717867 Jul 22 13:53 opennebula-2.2-1.x86_64.rpm
-rw-r--r--  1 root root     708799 Jul 23 21:49 xmlrpc-c-1.06.18-1.el5.kb.src.rpm

# yum install ruby ruby-devel ruby-docs ruby-ri ruby-irb ruby-rdoc

# rpmbuild --rebuild xmlrpc-c-1.06.18-1.el5.kb.src.rpm

# rpm -Uvh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/x86_64/xmlrpc-c-*

# rpm -Uvh opennebula-2.2-1.x86_64.rpm

Setup OpenNebula Admin User & Env

# echo "export ONE_XMLRPC=http://localhost:2633/RPC2" >> /etc/profile

# echo "export ONE_AUTH=/home/oneadmin/one_auth" >> /etc/profile

# useradd oneadmin -d /home/oneadmin

# echo "oneadmin:1234" > /home/oneadmin/one_auth

SSH Key Create & Setup sudo

# mkdir /home/oneadmin/.ssh

# ssh-keygen -t rsa -N '' -f /home/oneadmin/.ssh/id_rsa

# cp -a /home/oneadmin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /home/oneadmin/.ssh/authorized_keys

# chmod 700 /home/oneadmin/.ssh

# chown -R oneadmin:oneadmin /home/oneadmin/.ssh

# sed -i 's/^Defaults    requiretty/# /g' /etc/sudoers

Add to /etc/ssh/ssh_config

Host *
    StrictHostKeyChecking no
    UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null

On Xen Node

Install Xen

# yum install ruby ebtables

# yum groupinstall Vritualization

# useradd oneadmin -d /home/oneadmin

# reboot

# virsh net-destroy default

# virsh net-undefine default

SSH Key Create & Setup sudo

# mkdir /home/oneadmin/.ssh

# scp root@one-01:/home/oneadmin/.ssh/* /home/oneadmin/.ssh/

# chonw -R oneadmin:oneadmin /home/oneadmin/.ssh

# sed -i 's/^Defaults    requiretty/# /g' /etc/sudoers 

Add to /etc/ssh/ssh_config

Host *
    StrictHostKeyChecking no
    UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null

on Xen Node

Create Xen Template Image

# virt-install --name centos5_64 --ram 384 --paravirt --location=http://ftp.daum.net/centos/5/os/x86_64/ --file=/home/oneadmin/centos5_64.xen.img -s 1.5

** Install Minimal Package

On VM Template Image - Setup VM Env. (After Installation & Reboot)

# echo "/var/lib/one/one-boot-init.sh" >> /etc/rc.local

# mkdir /var/lib/one/
# vi /var/lib/one/one-boot-init.sh
#!/bin/bash

DEV_CD="/dev/xvdc" 
MNT="media/one" 
CHK_FILE="/var/lib/one/.done_context" 

if [ -b ${DEV_CD} ]; then
        mount -t iso9660 ${DEV_CD} ${MNT}
        if [ -f ${MNT}/context.sh ]; then
                . ${MNT}/init.sh
        fi
        umount ${MNT}
        if [ ! -e ${CHK_FILE} ]; then
                touch ${CHK_FILE}
                chattr +i ${CHK_FILE}
        fi
fi

exit 0
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
# Xen Virtual Ethernet
DEVICE=eth0
BOOTPROTO=static
ONBOOT=no
# vi /etc/sysconfig/network
NETWORKING=yes
NETWORKING_IPV6=no
HOSTNAME=localhost.localdomain

- Default Runlevel is 3 (/etc/inittab)
- Auto Started Service is Compact (chkconfig & ntsysv)

# sed -i 's/^id:.*/id:3:initdefault:/g' /etc/inittab

# chkconfig --list | grep "3:on" 
acpid              0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
cpuspeed           0:off    1:on    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
crond              0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
haldaemon          0:off    1:off    2:off    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
iptables           0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
irqbalance         0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
messagebus         0:off    1:off    2:off    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
network            0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
sshd               0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
syslog             0:off    1:off    2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

- Copy Template Image to Management Node

# scp /home/oneadmin/centos5_64.xen.img root@one-01:/home/oneadmin/

On Management Node

Setup : NFS Export (for VM_DIR)

# vi /etc/exports
/var/lib/one            192.168.100.122(rw,no_root_squash)
/usr/share/one/hooks    192.168.100.122(rw,no_root_squash)
# exportfs -avr

# chkconfig portmap on

# chkconfig nfs on

# chkconfig nfslock on

# service portmap start

# service nfs start

# service nfslock start

On Xen Node

Mount NFS

# echo "one-01:/var/lib/one/ /var/lib/one nfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

# echo "one-01:/usr/share/one/hooks /usr/share/one/hooks nfs defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab

# mkdir -p /usr/share/one/hooks

# mount -a

On Management Node

Configuration OpenNebula (oned.conf)

# vi /etc/one/oned.conf
HOST_MONITORING_INTERVAL = 60

VM_POLLING_INTERVAL      = 60

SCRIPTS_REMOTE_DIR=/var/tmp/one

PORT=2633

DB = [ backend = "mysql", server = "localhost", port = "3306", user = "root", passwd = "1234", db_name = "one" ]

VNC_BASE_PORT = 5900

DEBUG_LEVEL=3

NETWORK_SIZE = 254

MAC_PREFIX   = "02:00" 

DEFAULT_IMAGE_TYPE    = "OS" 

DEFAULT_DEVICE_PREFIX = "xvd" 

IM_MAD = [
    name       = "im_xen",
    executable = "one_im_ssh",
    arguments  = "xen" ]

VM_MAD = [
    name       = "vmm_xen",
    executable = "one_vmm_ssh",
    arguments  = "xen",
    default    = "vmm_ssh/vmm_ssh_xen.conf",
    type       = "xen" ]

TM_MAD = [
    name       = "tm_nfs",
    executable = "one_tm",
    arguments  = "tm_nfs/tm_nfs.conf" ]

HM_MAD = [
    executable = "one_hm" ]

VM_HOOK = [
    name      = "image",
    on        = "DONE",
    command   = "image.rb",
    arguments = "$VMID" ]

VM_HOOK = [
    name      = "ebtables-start",
    on        = "running",
    command   = "/usr/share/one/hooks/ebtables-xen", # or ebtables-xen 
    arguments = "one-$VMID",
    remote    = "yes" ]

VM_HOOK = [
    name      = "ebtables-flush",
    on        = "done",
    command   = "/usr/share/one/hooks/ebtables-flush",
    arguments = "",
    remote    = "yes" ]
# service oned stop

# service oned start

Add Xen Node

# onehost create one-02 im_xen vmm_xen tm_nfs

..... wait a minute...

# onehost list
  ID NAME              CLUSTER  RVM   TCPU   FCPU   ACPU    TMEM    FMEM STAT
   0 one-02            default    1    200    196    100      2G    768M   on

Prepare Virtual Network Template

# vi /home/oneadmin/template.vnet.public
NAME = "Public" 
TYPE = "FIXED" 
BRIDGE = "xenbr0" 

LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.151" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.152" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.153" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.154" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.155" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.156" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.157" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.158" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.159" ]
LEASES = [ IP = "192.168.100.160" ]

Cretate Virtual Network

# onevnet create /home/oneadmin/template.vnet.public

# onevnet list
  ID USER     NAME              TYPE BRIDGE P #LEASES
   1 oneadmin Public           Fixed xenbr0 N       1

Prepare Virtual Machine Template

# vi /home/oneadmin/template.vm.centos5_64
CPU    = 1

MEMORY = 256

OS = [ bootloader = "/usr/bin/pygrub" ]

#DISK  = [
#  IMAGE ="Xen-CentOS5_64",
#  target = "xvda" ]

DISK = [
  source   = "/home/oneadmin/centos5_64.xen.img",
  target   = "xvda",
  readonly = "no" ]

DISK  = [
  type = "swap",
  size = "1024",
  target = "xvdb" ]

DISK  = [
  type = "fs",
  format = "ext3",
  size = "20480",
  target = "xvdd" ]

NIC = [ NETWORK="Public" ]

GRAPHICS = [ 
  type    = "vnc",              
  listen  = "127.0.0.1" ]

CONTEXT = [
  files = "/home/oneadmin/init.sh /home/oneadmin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /home/oneadmin/setup-network.sh",
  root_pubkey = "id_rsa.pub",
  VMID = "$VMID",
  target = "xvdc" ]

Create Default Context Files

# vi /home/oneadmin/init.sh
#!/bin/bash

# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Copyright 2002-2009, Distributed Systems Architecture Group, Universidad   #
# Complutense de Madrid (dsa-research.org)                                   #
#                                                                            #
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may    #
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain    #
# a copy of the License at                                                   #
#                                                                            #
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                 #
#                                                                            #
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software        #
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,          #
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.   #
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and        #
# limitations under the License.                                             #
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

CHK_FILE="/var/lib/one/.done_context" 

/sbin/iptables -I INPUT -p icmp -j REJECT

if [ ! -e ${CHK_FILE} ]; then
    ## Random Password for root
#   dd if=/dev/urandom count=128 2>/dev/null | md5sum | passwd --stdin root

    MNT="/media/one" 

    if [ -f ${MNT}/context.sh ]; then
      . ${MNT}/context.sh
    fi

    fdisk /dev/xvdb << EOF
n
p
1

t
82
w
EOF
    if [ -b /dev/xvdb1 ]; then
        mkswap /dev/xvdb1
        echo "/dev/xvdb1 swap swap defaults 0 0" >> /etc/fstab
        swapon -a
    fi

    #hostname $HOSTNAME
    #sed -i "/HOSTNAME=/s/=.*$/=$HOSTNAME/" /etc/sysconfig/network

    #if [ -n "$IP_PUBLIC" ]; then
    #   ifconfig eth0 $IP_PUBLIC
    #fi

    #if [ -n "$NETMASK" ]; then
    #   ifconfig eth0 netmask $NETMASK
    #fi

    if [ -f ${MNT}/$ROOT_PUBKEY ]; then
        mkdir -p /root/.ssh
        cat ${MNT}/$ROOT_PUBKEY >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys
        chmod -R 600 /root/.ssh/
    fi

    if [ -n "$USERNAME" ]; then
        useradd $USERNAME
        if [ -f ${MNT}/$USER_PUBKEY ]; then
            mkdir -p /home/$USERNAME/.ssh/
            cat ${MNT}/$USER_PUBKEY >> /home/$USERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys
            chown -R $USERNAME:$USERNAME /home/$USERNAME/.ssh
            chmod -R 600 /home/$USERNAME/.ssh/authorized_keys
        fi
    fi
fi

### Network Setup
if [ -f ${MNT}/setup-network.sh ]; then
    ${MNT}/setup-network.sh
fi

if [ ! -e ${CHK_FILE} ]; then
    ### Run Deploy
    if [ -f ${MNT}/deploy*/setup.sh ]; then
        ${MNT}/deploy*/setup.sh
    fi
fi

## Etc Jobs

### VMS init Setup END
/sbin/iptables -D INPUT -p icmp -j REJECT
# vi /home/oneadmin/setup-network.sh
#!/bin/bash
#
# chkconfig: 2345 10 90
# description:  network reconfigure
#                                                     
# -------------------------------------------------------------------------- #
# Copyright 2002-2009, Distributed Systems Architecture Group, Universidad   #
# Complutense de Madrid (dsa-research.org)                                   #
#                                                                            #
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may    #
# not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain    #
# a copy of the License at                                                   #
#                                                                            #
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0                                 #
#                                                                            #
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software        #
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,          #
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.   #
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and        #
# limitations under the License.                                             #
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------- #

# Gets IP address from a given MAC
mac2ip() {
    mac=$1

    let ip_a=0x`echo $mac | cut -d: -f 3`
    let ip_b=0x`echo $mac | cut -d: -f 4`
    let ip_c=0x`echo $mac | cut -d: -f 5`
    let ip_d=0x`echo $mac | cut -d: -f 6`

    ip="$ip_a.$ip_b.$ip_c.$ip_d" 

    echo $ip
}

# Gets the network part of an IP
get_network() {
    IP=$1

    echo $IP | cut -d'.' -f1,2,3
}

get_interfaces() {
    IFCMD="/sbin/ifconfig -a" 

    $IFCMD | grep ^eth | sed 's/ *Link encap:Ethernet.*HWaddr /-/g'
}

get_dev() {
    echo $1 | cut -d'-' -f 1
}

get_mac() {
    echo $1 | cut -d'-' -f 2
}

gen_hosts() {
    NETWORK=$1
    echo "127.0.0.1 localhost" 
    for n in `seq -w 01 99`; do
        n2=`echo $n | sed 's/^0*//'`
        echo ${NETWORK}.$n2 cluster${n}
    done
}

gen_exports() {
    NETWORK=$1
    echo "/images ${NETWORK}.0/255.255.255.0(rw,async,no_subtree_check)" 
}

gen_hostname() {
    MAC=$1
    #NUM=`mac2ip $MAC | cut -d'.' -f4`
    NUM=`mac2ip $MAC`
    #NUM2=`echo 000000$NUM | sed 's/.*\(..\)/\1/'`
    #echo cluster$NUM2
    NUM2=`echo $NUM | sed 's/\./-/g'`
    echo $NUM2
}

gen_interface() {
 DEV_MAC=$1
 DEV=`get_dev $DEV_MAC`
 MAC=`get_mac $DEV_MAC`
 IP=`mac2ip $MAC`
 NETWORK=`get_network $IP`

cat <<EOT
DEVICE=$DEV
BOOTPROTO=none
HWADDR=$MAC
ONBOOT=yes
TYPE=Ethernet
NETMASK=255.255.255.0
IPADDR=$IP
EOT

    if [ $DEV == "eth0" ]; then
      echo " GATEWAY=$NETWORK.1" 
    fi

echo "" 
}

IFACES=`get_interfaces`

for i in $IFACES; do
    DEV=`get_dev $i`
  gen_interface $i > /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-${DEV}
done

# gen_hosts $NETWORK > /etc/hosts
# gen_exports $NETWORK  > /etc/exports
# gen_hostname $MAC  > /etc/hostname

#ifdown $DEV
#ifup $DEV

MNT="/media/one" 
if [ -f ${MNT}/context.sh ]; then
  . ${MNT}/context.sh
fi

HOSTNAME=ONE-${VMID}-`gen_hostname $MAC`

hostname $HOSTNAME
sed -i "/HOSTNAME=/s/=.*$/=$HOSTNAME/" /etc/sysconfig/network

if [ -n "$DNS" ]; then
    for dns in $DNS
    do
        echo "nameserver $dns" > /etc/resolv.conf
    done
else
    echo "nameserver 168.126.63.1
nameserver 168.126.63.2" > /etc/resolv.conf
fi

service network restart

Creating VM and Connect SSH

Create VM

# onevm create /home/oneadmin/template.vm.centos5_64

..... wait a minute...

# onevm list
   ID     USER     NAME STAT CPU     MEM        HOSTNAME        TIME
   37 oneadmin   one-37 runn   0    256M          one-02 07 04:40:21
# onevm show 37
VIRTUAL MACHINE 37 INFORMATION                                                  
ID             : 37                  
NAME           : one-37              
STATE          : ACTIVE              
LCM_STATE      : RUNNING             
START TIME     : 07/24 18:38:40      
END TIME       : -                   
DEPLOY ID:     : one-37              

VIRTUAL MACHINE MONITORING                                                      
NET_RX         : 11                  
USED MEMORY    : 262144              
USED CPU       : 0                   
NET_TX         : 6887                

VIRTUAL MACHINE TEMPLATE                                                        
CONTEXT=[
  FILES=/home/oneadmin/init.sh /home/oneadmin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub /home/oneadmin/setup-network.sh,
  ROOT_PUBKEY=id_rsa.pub,
  TARGET=xvdc,
  VMID=37 ]
CPU=1
DISK=[
  CLONE=YES,
  DISK_ID=0,
  IMAGE=Xen-CentOS5_64,
  IMAGE_ID=2,
  READONLY=NO,
  SAVE=NO,
  SOURCE=/var/lib/one//images/334f3324668b29bd253c7d304e499576ede0b611,
  TARGET=xvda,
  TYPE=DISK ]
DISK=[
  DISK_ID=1,
  SIZE=1024,
  TARGET=xvdb,
  TYPE=swap ]
DISK=[
  DISK_ID=2,
  FORMAT=ext3,
  SIZE=20480,
  TARGET=xvdd,
  TYPE=fs ]
GRAPHICS=[
  LISTEN=127.0.0.1,
  PORT=5937,
  TYPE=vnc ]
MEMORY=256
NAME=one-37
NIC=[
  BRIDGE=xenbr0,
  IP=192.168.100.154,
  MAC=02:00:c0:a8:64:9a,
  NETWORK=Public,
  NETWORK_ID=1 ]
OS=[
  BOOTLOADER=/usr/bin/pygrub ]
VMID=37

Connect to VM's SSH

# ssh -i /home/oneadmin/.ssh/id_rsa root@192.168.100.154
Warning: Permanently added '192.168.100.154' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Last login: Sun Jul 31 22:35:14 2011 from 192.168.100.121
[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]#

Some Info on VM

[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]# cat /proc/cpuinfo 
processor    : 0
vendor_id    : GenuineIntel
cpu family    : 6
model        : 23
model name    : Intel(R) Core(TM)2 Quad CPU    Q9550  @ 2.83GHz
stepping    : 10
cpu MHz        : 2826.250
cache size    : 6144 KB
fpu        : yes
fpu_exception    : yes
cpuid level    : 13
wp        : yes
flags        : fpu tsc msr pae cx8 apic cmov pat clflush acpi mmx fxsr sse sse2 ss syscall nx lm constant_tsc pni ssse3 cx16 sse4_1 lahf_lm
bogomips    : 7097.80
clflush size    : 64
cache_alignment    : 64
address sizes    : 40 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management:

[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]# free -m
             total       used       free     shared    buffers     cached
Mem:           256        252          3          0         45        145
-/+ buffers/cache:         61        194
Swap:         1019          0       1019

[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]# ifconfig 
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 02:00:C0:A8:64:9A  
          inet addr:192.168.100.154  Bcast:192.168.100.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:50726 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:146 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 
          RX bytes:7059149 (6.7 MiB)  TX bytes:17642 (17.2 KiB)

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback  
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:14 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 
          RX bytes:700 (700.0 b)  TX bytes:700 (700.0 b)

[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]# route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
192.168.100.0   0.0.0.0         255.255.255.0   U     0      0        0 eth0
169.254.0.0     0.0.0.0         255.255.0.0     U     0      0        0 eth0
0.0.0.0         192.168.100.1   0.0.0.0         UG    0      0        0 eth0

[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]# fdisk -l

Disk /dev/xvda: 1572 MB, 1572864000 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 191 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvda1   *           1          13      104391   83  Linux
/dev/xvda2              14         191     1429785   83  Linux

Disk /dev/xvdb: 1073 MB, 1073741824 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 130 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

    Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/xvdb1               1         130     1044193+  82  Linux swap / Solaris

Disk /dev/xvdd: 21.4 GB, 21474836480 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/xvdd doesn't contain a valid partition table

Disk /dev/xvdc: 0 MB, 382976 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 0 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes

Disk /dev/xvdc doesn't contain a valid partition table

[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]# mount
/dev/xvda2 on / type ext3 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=5,mode=620)
/dev/xvda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
/dev/xvdd on /mnt type ext3 (rw)

[root@ONE-37-192-168-100-154 ~]# df -Th
Filesystem    Type    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/xvda2    ext3    1.4G  995M  289M  78% /
/dev/xvda1    ext3     99M   14M   81M  14% /boot
tmpfs        tmpfs    128M     0  128M   0% /dev/shm

[END]

Posted by 사랑줍는거지
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